High-pressure pump



Sept, 23, M WELLS 2,427,889*

HIGH PRES SURE PUMP Filed July 16, 1945 JNVENTOR. MART/N WEL/ 5,

' .ATTO/mfr Patented Sept. 23, ld?

Martin Wells, Los Angeles, Calif.`

application `luly 16, 11945, Serial No; 6055247i Claims. (01.103-174) Myinvention relates to high pressure hydraulic pumps such as employed withhydraulic presses for applying high pressure hydraulic fluid to thecylinders of said presses after the presses have been substantiallyclosed by low pressure fluid.

Pumps ci this general character for developing pressures of from threeto six thousand pounds per square inch have been relatively eX- pensiveowing to the difliculty of making a pump of this type which isdependable and which will operate for a reasonable period of time. Anobject of my present invention is to provide a high pressure pump ofextremely simple construction which will operate at high pressures suchas required in hydraulic presses and for long periods of time, theextreme simplicity of these pumps making it possible to supply them tothe industry at a cost often less than half the cost of previously usedhigh pressure pumps of similar capacity.

It is an object of the invention to provide a high pressure pump havinga simple form of body which may be readily machined from a steel plateor forging, this body having all of the pump inlet and outlet passages,valve openings, and cylinder bores machined therein at comparatively lowcost, the pump having simple Valve units which may be easily removed forinspection'and repair, these valve units, however, being of such formthat they will operate for long periods of time kwithout attention.

A further` object of the invention is to provide a high pressure pumphaving a body with passages, openings and bores so arranged therein thatthey may be readily machined in the single body of metal from which thepump body is formed.

A further object of the invention is to provide in this high pressurepump a pump body having machined bores and inlet and outlet passagesextending in spaced relation to these bores, such passages consisting ofgrooves, the outer portions of which are closed or lled with walls ofmetal fused or welded in place, the bottoms of these grooves thenbecoming continuous passages, and a further feature of the invention isto connect these passages with the cylinder bores by valve openingswhich are drilled into the body from the face thereof and are so formedthat inlet and outlet check valves may be placed therein between theports of communication of the openings With the cylinder bores and thecommunications between the openings and the inlet and outlet passages.

Further objects and advantages of the vinvening a portion of the pumpbody 4atonestage of its manufacture.

Fig. 4 is an enlargedsection through a portion ofthe pump body atanother stage of its'm'anu'- facture.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged 'fragmentary'se'ctional view taken as indicated'bythe" line 54-5 of `1.

Fig. 6 is an enlargedfragmentary sectionalview taken as indicated by theline 6`6 of Fig. 5.

The pump; as shownin Figs.' 1 and 2, comprises a body I El of metal suchas steel or alloy, this body llly having the form of a thick disc with asubstantially central opening 'I l forming' a cav'- ity in which the'piston'reciprocating meansof the inventior'i" may be' "1' l'ac'ed.`The' body I0 fis secured by means ofY screws l2' to oneendof' a base I3'having bearingsld' and l5'for supporting a shaft I6 in concentricrelation to'th'e cavity ll, thi's'shaftV I having, an eccentric Il whichprojects into the cavity'v Ilr and 'has thereon `a roller'or' ballbearing lI8, Vthe outer race 19z of which engages the inner'ends ofpistons 20 to reciprocate such pistons as rotationof th'es'h'aft IGcausesv the eccentric l1 to revolve around'the axis of rotation' of theshaft [61" The.` shaft I6 has a projectingy end 2l to'receive rotativeforce from a source of power.

As shown in Fig.` 3, bores '22 to receivefthe pistons 2B' are machinedradially through'the body I0 in spaced relationto the frontfof the body.Inthe pumpstructur'e shownin Figs.A 1 and 2 thereare'fourl of thesebores`22to receive four pistons '2D disposed in 99"A angular relation'.The bores 22' are lappedto desired size and the outer ends of thesebores 22 `'arethreaded las shownV atA 23 to receiveclosures consistingof plugs 24. y

Either before' 'or after the bores 22' are machined, the body Il! isrotated'in a "lathe and groovesd and V25 are cut thereinto' fromtheouter surface of the body, these grooves '24`and 25 being positionedso'that 'the :bottoms thereof will extend in closely spaced relation andin spaced relation to the bores`22. 'Thegroov'es' 24 and 25 may be outinto the body lin side by siderelation from the front face thereof; or;as shown inFig. k3, one of the grooves 'maybecut in from the peripheralface of the body I and the other of the grooves may be cut into the bodyl0 from the front face thereof. The grooves 24 and 25 are continuous andannular and the outer portions of these grooves are widened or flared sothat metal strips 25 and 21, such as arcuate wires of roundcross-section, may be placed in the outer portions of the grooves inspaced relation to the bottoms of the grooves, these metal strips 26 and21, shown as bars of round cross section, close 01T the outer portionsof the grooves from the inner or bottom portions thereof and are securedin place by metal fusion. In Fig. 4 I show welds 28 and 29 covering thestrips 26 and 21; these welds 29 and 28 consist of bodies of metalapplied either by use of gas or electric welding processes so that theyare fused with the adjacent portions of the body I0 and eiectively closeoi the outer widened portions of the grooves 24 and 25 so that the inneror bottom portions of the grooves 24 and 25 will remain as passages 30and 3| in the body I0, such passages 39 and 3| being annular andextending in spaced relation to the bores 22.

Thereafter, pairs of valve openings are machined into the body i0 fromthe front face thereof. Each pair of valve openings is associated with acylinder bore 22, and each pair of valve openings consists of a firstvalve opening 32 and a second valve opening 33 disposed as shown inFigs. 1, 5, and 6. The valve openings 32 and 33 vare disposed onopposite sides of the cylinder bore 22 with which they are associated,and, as shown in Fig. 1, the valve openings 32 are placed at greaterradial distance from the center of the body ||J than are the openings33, so that the openings 32 will lie in crossing relation to the rstpassage 30 and the openings 33 will lie in crossing relation to thesecond passage 3|. The inner ends 34 and 35 of the valve openings 32 and33 are stepped or reduced in diameter so as to provide annular conicalvalve seats 36. The outer portions of the valve openings 32 and 33communicate respectively with the passages 39 and 3|, and between theseats 35 and the passages 30 and 3| the Valve openings have internalthreads 31. Outwardly from the passages 33 and 3| the outer ends of thevalve openings 32 and 33 are provided with threads 38 to receive closureplugs 33.

The inner ends 34 and 35 of the valve openings 32 and 33 communicatewith their associated cylinder bores 22 through ports 40 which areformed by use of small grinding wheels to remove a portion of therelatively thin metal wall of the body l0 existing between the innerends 34 and 35 of the valve openings and the associated cylinder bores22. It will be noted that the ports of communication 40 between theinner ends of the valve openings and the bores 22 are near the outerends of the bores 22 which are closed by plugs 42 so that pumpingchambers such as the space 43, Fig. 6, are formed in the bores 22between the plugs 42 and the outer ends of the pistons 2|).

As shown in Fig. 5, an inlet valve 44 is disposed in each valve opening32 between its seat 36 and its point of communication with the passage30. This inlet valve 44 comprises an externally threaded steel shell 45having a valve seat 45 within its outer end and having a conical innerend 41 for sealing engagement with the seat 35 of the valve opening 32when the shell 45 is screwed down tightly into place. A check valve ball48 is urged into engagement with the seat 46 by a spring 43 which isheld in place by a transverse pin 53. Similarly, in each valve open ing33 there is an outlet valve 5| having an externally threaded shell 52,similar in external form to the shell 45 of the valve 44, so that theoutlet valve 5| may be screwed down tightly against the seat 36 in thevalve opening 33. The outlet valve 5| differs from the inlet valve 44 inhaving an internal seat 46 at its inner end, with a spring pressed ball48' to cooperate therewith. When movement of the pistons 20 produces orpermits enlargement of the pumping chambers, hydraulic fluid will owinwardly from the passage 30 past the valve balls 48, and when thepistons 20 are moved so as to force fluid out of the pumping chambers43, the valve balls 48 will close against the seat 46 and the hydraulicfluid must then pass out through the valves 5|. External ducts forcommunication with the inlet and outlet passages 3i] and 3| are providedby openings 55 and 56 drilled and tapped into the body ||l as shown inFig. l, the inner ends of these openings 55 and 53 communicatingrrespectively with the passages 30 and 3|. High pressure piping for theexternal circulation of the hydraulic fluid may be connected throughthese openings 55 and 56 with the passages 30 and 3|, as exemplied bythe piping 51 shown in Fig. 2 communicating through the threaded opening55, this piping 51 ordinarily communicating with a reservoir in whichoil is maintained at low pressure, for example, a pressure of 40 or 50pounds. This pressure ofoil is sufficient to act in the working chambers43 to force the pistons 2B against the reciprocating means shown as theouter bearing race I9, thereby avoiding the necessity of employingsprings or other means to move the pistons 20 through their returnstrokes. The outer ends of the valves 44 and 5| are provided with screwdriver slots or wrench sockets whereby they may be rotated. Should thepump develop leakage as evidenced by a drop in capacity or pressure, thevalves may be independently removed and inspected or tested.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a high pressure pump of the character described, the combinationof a pump body comprising an annular body of metal having a centralcavity, said body having a pair of circular grooves extending in fromthe surface thereof, metal walls closing the outer portions of saidgrooves and being connected by fusion to the adjacent metal of saidbody, thereby making of the bottoms of said grooves first and secondfluid tight passages, cylinder bores extending radially through saidbody in spaced and transverse relation to said passages to communicatewith said cavity, inlet and outlet ducts extending in said body from theface thereof so as to communicate respectively with said rst and secondpassages, a plurality of pairs of valve openings extending inward fromthe face of said body, there being a pair of said openings associatedwith each of said bores, each of said pairs of openings coinprising arst opening in transverse relation to said first passage andcommunicating therewith and a second opening in transverse relation tosaid second passage and communicating therewith, each pair of saidopenings communicating with its associated bore at a point spaced fromthe point of communication of said openings with said passages; pistonsoperative in said bores; means in said cavity to reciprocate saidpistons; a plurality of inlet and outlet check valves, said inlet checkvalves being disposed in said first openings between said bores and saidrst passages, andY said outlet valves being disposed in said secondopenings between said bores and said second passages; and means to closeand seal the outer ends of said openings.

2. In a high pressure pump of the character described, the combinationof a pump body comprising a body of metal having a central cavity, saidbody having a pair of grooves formed therein, the outer portions of saidgrooves being closed by annular walls of metal fused to said body,thereby making of the bottoms of said grooves first and second fluidtight passages, cylinder bores extending radially through said body inspaced transverse relation to said passa-ges to communicate with saidcavity, inlet and outlet ducts formed in said body from the face thereofso as to communicate respectively with said first and second passages, aplurality of pairs of valve openings machined in said body, there 'beinga pair of said openings associated with each of said bores, each ci saidpairs of openings comprising a first opening in transverse relation tosaid rst passage and communicating therewith and a second opening intransverse relation to said second passage and communicating therewith,each pair of said openings communicating with its associated bore at apoint spaced from the point of communication of said openings with saidpassages; pistons operative in said bores; means in said cavity toreciprocate said pistons; a plurality of inlet and outlet check valves,said inlet check valves being disposed in said iirst openings betweensaid bores and said rst passages, and said outlet valves being disposedin said second openings between said bores and said second passages; andmeans to close and seal the outer ends of said openings.

3. In a high pressure pump of the character described, the combinationof: a pump body comprising a body of metal having a central cavity, saidbody having a pair of circular grooves extending in from the surfacethereof, curved strips of metal placed in the outer por'tions of saidgrooves and secured by metal fusion with the adjacent portions of saidbody, making of the bottoms of said grooves first and second fluidtightpassages, cylinder bores extending radially through said body in spacedand transverse rela tion to said passages to communicate with saidcavity, inlet and outlet ducts extending in said body from the facethereof so as to communicate respectively with said first and secondpassages, a plurality of pairs of threaded valve openings in said body,there being a pair of said openings associated with each of said bores,each of said pairs of openings comprising .a rst opening in transverserelation to said rst passage and communicating therewith and a secondopening in transverse relation to said second passage and communicatingtherewith, each pair of said openings communicating with its associatedbore at a point spaced from the point of communication ci said openingswith said passages; pistons operative in said bores; means in saidcavity to reciprocate said pistons; a plurality of inlet and outletcheck valves, said inlet check valves being disposed in said nrstopenings between said bores and said first passages, and said outletvalves being disposed in said second openings between said bores andsaid second passages; thread means to secure said valves in saidopenings; and means to close and seal the outer ends of said openings.

4. In a high pressure pump of the character described, the combinationof a pump body comprising a body of metal having a central cavity, saidbody having a pair of circular grooves extending in from theV surfacethereof, the outer portions of said grooves being widened, and curvedstrips of metal placed in the widened portions of said grooves andcovered by welds fused with the adjacent portions of said body, makingof the bottoms of said grooves first and second fluidtight passages,cylinder bores extending radially through said body in spaced andtransverse relation to said-passages to communicate with said cavity,inlet and outlet ducts extending in said body from the face thereof soas to communicate respectively with said iirst and second passages, aplurality of pairs of valve openings in said body, there being a pair ofsaid openings associated with each of said bores, each of said pairs ofopenings comprising a iirst opening in transverse relation to said rstpassage and communicating therewith and a second opening in transverserelation to said second passage and communicating therewith, each pairof said openings communieating with its associated bore at a pointspaced from the point of communication of said openings with saidpassages; pistons operative in said bores; means in said cavity toreciprocate said pistons; a plurality of inlet and outlet check valves,said inlet check valves being disposed in said rst openings between saidbores and said first passages, and said outlet valves being disposed insaid second openings between said bores and said second passages; andmeans to close and seal the outer ends of said openings.

5. In a high pressure pump of the character described, the combinationof: a pump body comprising a body of metal having a central cavity, saidbody having a pair of circular grooves extending in from the surfacethereof, metal walls closing the outer portions of said grooves andbeing connected by fusion to the adjacent metal of said body, therebymaking of the bottoms of said grooves rst and second iiuidtightpassages, cylinder bores extending radially through said body in spacedand transverse relation to said passages vto communicate with saidcavity, inlet and outlet ducts extending in said body from the facethereof so as to communicate respectively with said rst and secondpassages, a plurality of pairs of valve openings in said body, therebeing a pair of said openings associated with each of said bores, eachof said pairs of openings comprising a first opening in transverserelation to said first passage and communicating therewith and a secondopening in transverse relation to said second passage and communicatingtherewith, each pair of said openings communicating with its associatedbore at a point spaced from the point of communication of said openingswith said passages, said openings being formed with annular shouldersbetween said bores and said passages so as to provide seats; pistonsoperative in said bores; means in said cavity to reciprocate saidpistons; a plurality of inlet and outlet check valves placed in saidopenings respectively so as to engage said seats, said inlet checkvalves being disposed in said first openings between said bores and saidrst passages, and said outlet valves being disposed in said secondopenings between said bores and said second passages; and means to closeand seal the outer ends of said openings.

6. In a high pressure pump of the character described, the combinationof: a pump body comprising a body of metal having a central cavity, saidbody having a pair of circular grooves extending in from the surfacethereof, the outer portions of said grooves being widened, and

curved strips of metal placed in the widened portions of said groovesand covered by welds fused with the adjacent portions of said body,making of the bottoms of said grooves iirst and second fluid tightpassages, cylinder bores extending radially through said body in spacedand transverse relation to said passages to communicate with saidcavity, inlet and outlet ducts extending in said body from the facethereof so as to communicate respectively with said first and secondpassages, a plurality of pairs oi valve openings in said body, therebeing a pair of said openings associated with each of said bores, eachof said pairs of openings comprising a first opening in transverserelation to said rst passage and communicating therewith and a secondopening in transverse relation to said second passage and communicatingtherewith, each pair of said openings communicating with its associatedbore at a point spaced from the point of communication of said openingswith said passages, said openings being formed with annular shouldersbetween said bores and said passages so as to provide seats; pistonsoperative in said bores; means in said cavity to reciprocate saidpistons; a plurality of inlet and outlet check valves placed in saidopenings respectively so as to engage said seats, said inlet checkvalves being disposed in said rst openings between said bores and saidfirst passages, and said outlet valves being disposed in said secondopenings between said bores and said second passages; and means to closeand seal the outer ends of said openings.

'7. In a high pressure pump of the character described, the combinationof a pump body comprising a body oi metal having a central cavity, saidbody having a pair of circular grooves extending in from the surfacethereof, metal walls closing the outer portions of said grooves andbeing connected by fusion to the adjacent metal of said body, therebymaking of the bottoms of said grooves first and second uid tightpassages, cylinder bores extending radially through said body in spacedand transverse relation to said 8 passages to communicate with saidcavity, inlet and outlet ducts extending in said body from the facethereof so as to communicate respectively with said first and secondpassages, a plurality of pairs of valve openings in said body, therebeing a pair of said openings associated with each of said bores, eachof said pairs of openings comprising a first opening in transverserelation to said iirst passage and communicating therewith and a secondopening in transverse relation to said second passage and communicatingtherewith, each pair of said openings communicating with its associatedbore at a point spaced from the point of communication of said openingswith said passages, said openings being formed with annular shouldersbetween said bores and said passages so as to provide seats and beingthreaded between said seats and said passages; pistons op erative insaid bores; means in said cavity to reciprocate said pistons; aplurality of inlet and outlet externally threaded valve units placed insaid openings respectively so as to engage said seats, said inlet valveunits being disposed in said iirst openings between said bores and saidrst passages, and said outlet valve units being disposed in said secondopenings between said bores and said second passages; and means to closeand seal the outer ends of said openings.

MARTIN WELLS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le ofthis patent:l

UNITED STATES PATENTS FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Germany Nov. 25, 1919France Feb, 27, 1933 Number Number

